POWERPOINT - ORGANS

ASSIGNMENT - FLORICULTURE

ASSIGNMENT

FLORICULTURE

INTRODUCTION

FIORICULTURE , OR FLOWER FARMING IS DISCIPLINE OF HORTICULTURE CONCERNED WITH THE CULTIVATION OF FLOWERING AND ORNAMENTAL PLANTS FOR GARDENS AND FLORISTRY ,COMPRISING THE FLORAL INDUSTRY . THE DEVELOPMENT ,VIA PLANT BREEDING OF NEW VARIETIES IS MAJOR  OCCUPATION OF FLORICULTURISTS .  FLORICULTURE CROPS INCLUDE WEDDING PLANTS,HOUSE PLANTS,FLOWERING GARDEN AND POT PLANTS CUT CULTIVATED GREEN PLANTS AND CUT FLOWERS .AS DISTINGUISH FROM NURSERY CROPS, FLORICULTURE CROPS ARE GENERALLY HERBACEOUS.BUDDING AND GARDEN PLANTS CONSISTING OF YOUNG FLOWERING PLANTS (ANNUALS & PERENNIALS) AND VEGETABLE PLANTS. THEY ARE GROWN IN CELL PACK (IN FLAT OR TRAYS ) , IN POTS OR IN HANGING BASKETS , USUALLY INSIDE A CONTROLLED A ENVIRONMENT , AND SOLD LARGELY FOR GARDENS AND LANDSCAPING PELARGONIUM ( GERANIUMS) IMPATIENS (" BUSY LIZZIES'' ) AND PETUNIA ARE THE BEST SELLING BEDDING PLANTS.  THEY MANY CULTIVARS OF CHRUSANTHEMUM ARE THE MAJOR PERENNIAL GARDEN PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATES.
                             FLOWERING PLANTS ARE LARGELY SOLD IN POYS FOR INDOOR USE. THE MAJOR FLOWERING PLANTS ARE POINSETTIAS , ORCHIDES,FLORIST ,CHRYSANTHEMAMS AND FINISHED FLORIST AZALAS FOLIAGE PLANTS ARE  ALSO SOLD IN POST AND HANGING BASKETS FOR INDOOR AND PATIO USE , INCLUDING LARGER SPECIMENS FOR OFFICE ,HOTEL, AND RESTAURANT INTERIORS 
                           CUT FLOWERS ARE USUALLY SOLD IN BUNCHES OR ASBOUQUETS WITH CUTFOTAGE .THE PRODUCTION CUT FLOWERS  IS SPECIFICALLY KNOWN AS THE CUT FLOWER INDUSTRY. 
                                             

CONTENT

FLORICULTURE 

                   GOVERNMENT OF INDIA HAS IDENTIFIED FLORICULTURE AS A SUNRISE INDUSTRY AND ACCORDED IT 100% EXPORT ORIENTED STATUS OWING TO STEADY INCREASES THE DEMAND OF FLOWER FLORICULTURE HAS BECOME ONE OF THE IMPORTANT COMMERCIAL FLORICULTURE HAS EMERGED AS HI-TECH ACTIVITY - TAKE PLACE UNDER CONTROLLED CLIMATIC CONDITION INSIDE GREEN HOUSE .  FLORICULTURE IN INDIA IS BEING VIEWED AS A HIGH GROWTH INDUSTRY.  COMMERCIAL FLORICULTURE IS BECOMING IMPORTANT FROM THE EXPORT ANGEL.  THE LIBERATION OF INDUSTRIAL AND TRADE POLICIES PAVED THE WAY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF EXPORT ORIENTED PRODUCTION OF CUT FLOWER.

                       THE NEW SEED POLICY HAD ALREADY MAID IT FEASIBLE TO IMPORT PLANTING MATERIEL OF INTERNATIONAL VERITIES.  IT HAS BEEN FOUND THAT COMMERCIAL FLORICULTURE HAS HIGHER POTENTIAL PER UNIT AREA THAN MOST OF THE FIELD CROPS AND IS THEREFORE A LUCRATIVE BUSINESS. INDIAN FLORICULTURE INDUSTRY HAS BEEN  SHIFTING FROM TRADITIONAL FLOWERS TO CUT FLOWERS FOR  EXPORT PURPOSES . THE LIBERALIZED ECONOMY HAS GIVEN AN IMPETUS TO THE INDIAN ENTREPRENEURS FOR ESTABLISHING EXPORT ORIENTED FLORICULTURE UNITS UNDER CONTROLLED CLIMATIC CONDITIONS .

                       AGRICULTURAL AND PROCESSED FOOD PRODUCTS EXPORT DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY ( APEDA) IS RESPONSIBLE FOR EXPORT PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF FLORICULTURE IN INDIA 
   

 

FLORICULTURE,NURSERY

                 USDEA  REPORTED THAT FLORICULTURE AND NURSERY CROPS SAILS WERE $ 5.4 BILLION IN 2005 IN 36 MAJOR PRODUCING STATES ; THE TWO  SECTOR ARE SOME TIMES CALLED THE ORNAMENTAL HORTICULTURE INDUSTRY WITH IMPORTS TOTALING $ 800 MILLION, THE WHOLESALE VALUE OF FLORICULTURE WAS $ 6.2 BILLION , OR  $ 56 PER US HOUSEHOLD.

              DATA ARE COMPLICATED BECAUSE SOME OF THE COMMODITIES GROWN IN GREEN HOUSE ARE FOOD CROPS AND USDA DOES ESTIMATE ORNAMENTAL HORTICULTURE ALES FOR 14 STATES. FLORICULTURE IS THE CULTIVATION OF ORNAMENTAL AND FLOWERING PLANTS OFTEN IN GREENHOUSE OR OTHER COVERED ARIAS WHILE NURSERY CROPS ARE WOODY PERENNIALS PLANTS THAT ARE TYPICALLY GROWN IN THE OPEN FIELD OR IN CONTAINERS.

                FLORAL CROPS ARE HERBACEOUS MEANING THAT THEY DO NOT HAVE WOODY STEMS , AND MOST ARE GROWN IN CONTAINERS AND     UNDER COVER.  DEMAND IS VERY SEASONAL , PEAKING FROM FEBRUARY THROUGH MAY AND AGAIN BEFORE CHRISTMAS.  CUT FLOWER HARVESTED WHEN THE BUDS BEGIN TO SHOW COLOR AND THE STEMS ARE PLACED IMMEDIATELY IN LUKEWARM WATER CONTAINING A FLORAL PRESERVATIVE.  THERE IS INCREASING AUTOMATION OF IRRIGATION LIGHTING IN GREEN HOUSE SORTING.

                NURSERY CROPS INCLUDE ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS , VINES ,AND GROUND COVERS GRASSES FOR LAND SCAPINCH AND GARDEN USE . EACH PLANT SPECIES HAS A HARDINESS ZONE THAT SETS THE NORTHERN GEOGRAPHICAL ATTITUDE  FOR IN -GROUND CULTIVATION. MOST TREES AND SHRUBS START OUT AS LINERS IN POTS OR TRAYS , AND THEN TRANS PLANTED IN TO LARGER CONTAINERS ORIN THE FILED FOR FURTHER GROWING. ONLY SMALLER CONTAINERS ARE TRANSPORTED LONG DISTANCES FOR SALE .
             

VARIETIES 

            FLORICULTURE PRODUCTS MAINLY CONSIST OF CUT FLOWERS , POT PLANTS , CUT FOLIAGE , SEEDS BULBS, TUBERS , ROOTED CUTTINGS AND DRIED FLOWERS OR LEAVES . THE IMPORTANT FLORICULTUAL CROPS IN THE INTERNATIONAL CUT FLOWERS  TRADE ARE "ROSE, CARNATION , CHRYSANTHEMUM, GARGERA , GLADIOULS , GYPSOPHILA , LIASTRIS , NERINA , ORCHIDS , ARCHILEA,ANTHURIA, THULIP AND LILIES '' . FLORICULTURE CROPS LIKE GERBERAS , CARNATION ETC ARE GROWN IN GREEN HOUSES.  THE OPEN FIELD CROPS ARE CHRYSATHEMUM, ROSE, GAILLARDIA,LILY MARIGOLD, ASTERTUBEROSE ETC.

AERAS OF CULTIVATION

         MAHARASHTRA, ANDHRA, HARYANA, TAMILNADU, RAJASTHAN,WEST BENGAL HAVE EMERGED AS MAJOR FLORICULTURE CENTERS.

INDIA FACTS AND FIGURES

         ABOUT 232.74 THOUSAND HECTORS ARE WAS UNDER CULTIVATION IN FLORICULTURE IN 2012 - 2013 . PRODUCTION OF FLOWERS ARE ESTIMATED TO BE 1.729 MILLION TONNES LOOSE FLOWERS AND 76.73 MILLION TONNES CUT FLOWER IN 2012-2013

EXPORTS

           THE COUNTRY HAS EXPORTED 22947.23 MT OF FLORICULTURE PRODUCTS TO THE WORLD FOR THE WORTH OF Rs 460.75 CRORES IN 2014-15.

MAJOR EXPORT DESTINATION

           UNITED STATES, UNITED KINGDOM ,GERMANY, NETHERLAND AND UNITED ARAB EMIRATES WERE MAJOR IMPORTING COUNTRIES OF INDIAN FLORICULTURE DURING THE SAME PERIOD .

INDIVIDUALS SUB - PRODUCTS.

• BULBS, TUBERS, TUBEROUS ROOT
• BULBS HORTICULTURAL 
• CHICORY PLANTS
• OTHER BULB / TUBERS 
• UNROOTED CUTTINGS 
• EDIBLE FRUIT TREES GRAFTED
• CACTUS
• RHODODEN DRONS
• ROSE GRAFTED OR NOT

CONCLUSION

            FLORICULTURE INCLUDES CROPS SUCH AS BEDDING AND GARDEN PLANTS FOLIAGE PLANTS , POTTED FLOWERING PLANTS CUT FLOWERS , CUT CULTIVATED GREEN AND FLORICULTURE MATERIALS. FLORICULTURE CROPS INCLUDED BEDDING PLANTS , HOUSE PLANTS ,FLOWERING GARDEN AND POT PLANT .ORNAMENTAL PRODUCTION IS INCRASINGLY CONCENTRATED ON FAVOUR AND LARGER FARMS BECAUSS OF CHANCHING IN MARKETING AND RISING WAGES .

REFERENCE
http://www.ers.usda.gov/Briefing/floriculture /Background.htm#nursery